From `Your Ultimate Guide to the Non - Relational Universe!` :
DEFINITION: Next Generation Databases mostly address some of the points: being non-relational, distributed, open-source and horizontal scalable. The movement began early 2009 and is growing rapidly. Often more characteristics apply as: schema-free, replication support, easy API, eventually consistency, and more. So the misleading term "nosql" (the community now translates it with "not only sql") should be seen as an alias to something like the definition above.
NoSQL is an umbrella term for a loosely defined class of non-relational data stores that break with a long history of relational databases and ACID guarantees. Data stores that fall under this term may not require fixed table schemas, and usually avoid join operations. The term was first popularised in early 2009.
Trends in computer architectures are pressing databases in a direction that requires horizontal scalability. NoSQL-style data stores attempt to address this requirement. Prominent closed-source examples are Google's BigTable and Amazon's Dynamo. Several open-source variants exist including Facebook's Cassandra, Apache HBase, LinkedIn's Project Voldemort and many others.
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